| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤，疼痛是其主要且重要的伴随症状，可出现在疾病的各阶段，是由于肿瘤侵袭、压迫周围组织，癌瘤转移，手术、放疗、化疗以及心理等因素导致。规范化癌痛管理能有效控制疼痛，提高患者生活质量，树立患者抗癌信心，延长患者带瘤生存期。癌痛管理是综合性、全方位、动态的过程，疼痛评估是基础，应当选用适当方法进行“常规、量化、全面、动态”评估，同时癌痛治疗也须达标，实现无痛休息、无痛睡眠、无痛活动。癌痛的药物治疗应遵循WHO“三阶梯止痛方案”及基本原则，科学合理地选择药物，重视预防与处理药物不良反应。适时给予非药物治疗能提高镇痛效果，降低不良反应。 |
| 关键词: 乳腺癌 疼痛 管理 规范化 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2019.02.05 |
| 分类号:R 737.9 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Strengthening the comprehensive management of concomitant diseases of breast cancer: pain management |
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YANG Xiao-qiu
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Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women and pain is the main and important accompanying symptom. Pain can occur in all stages of breast cancer due to invasion of tumors, compression of surrounding tissues, metastasis of tumors, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and psychological factors. Standardized cancer pain management could effectively control cancer pain, improve the quality of life, build up confidence in anti-cancer treatment, prolong the survival rate and reduce the medical costs for the patients. Cancer pain management is a comprehensive, all-round and dynamic process and pain assessment is the basis for pain management. Appropriate methods should be selected to carry out “routine, quantitative, comprehensive and dynamic” assessment. The treatment of cancer pain should reach the standard and achieve painless rest, painless sleep and painless motion. Drug therapy for cancer pain should follow the WHO′s “three-step analgesic scheme” and basic principles, which has to be selected and applied scientifically and rationally. Meanwhile, it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of adverse drug reactions. Timely non-drug treatment can improve the analgesic effect and reduce the adverse reactions. |
| Key words: Breast cancer Pain Management Standardization |
