| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 在全球范围内，宫颈癌的发病率位于乳腺癌、结直肠癌和肺癌之后，排名第四，是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。2015年我国宫颈癌新发病例9.89万例，死亡3.05万例。由于筛查项目的普及，从20世纪70年代至90年代宫颈癌的发病率及死亡率下降了约69%。但是，由于我国宫颈癌筛查的覆盖率不足，2010年全国城市平均宫颈癌筛查率仅29.1%，东部经济发达地区约31.3%，农村地区约16.9%。因此，我国宫颈癌的预防仍是亟待解决的问题。该文针对宫颈癌的一级预防、二级预防进行综述，希望更多的女性能够通过定期筛查、积极接种疫苗，进一步降低宫颈癌的发病率。 |
| 关键词: 宫颈癌 人类乳头瘤病毒 疫苗 筛查 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2019.04.06 |
| 分类号:R 737.33 |
| 基金项目:南宁市青秀区科学研究与技术开发计划项目（编号：2013S03） |
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| Advances in early prevention and vaccine application of cervical cancer |
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LIU Jing-hui,YANG Jiao,HAO Yan-rong
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Health Examination Center,the People′s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ Worldwide, cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among females and the incidence of cervical cancer follows that of breast, colorectal, and lung cancers in 4th position. In 2015, it was estimated that there were approximately 98 900 new cases of cervical cancer with 30 500 deaths annually. Because of the prevalence of screening programs, the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer fell by about 69% from the 1970s to the 1990s. However, the main problem facing cervical cancer screening in China is insufficient coverage. In 2010, the average cervical cancer screening rate in urban areas was only 29.1%, and that in economically developed areas in the east was about 31.3%, and that in rural areas was about 16.9%. The prevention of cervical cancer in China is still an urgent problem to be solved. This paper gives a brief overview about the primary and secondary preventions of cervical cancer. We hope that through vaccination and regular screening women get protected from cervical cancer around the world. |
| Key words: Cervical cancer Human papilloma virus Vaccine Screening |
