| 摘要: |
| 乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,疼痛是其主要与重要的伴随症状,可出现在疾病各阶段,因肿瘤侵袭、压迫周围组织,癌瘤转移,手术、放疗、化疗以及心理等原因导致。规范化癌痛管理能有效控制疼痛,提高患者生活质量、树立抗癌信心、延长带瘤生存期并降低医疗费用。癌痛管理是综合性、全方位、动态过程,疼痛评估是基础,应当选用适当方法进行“常规、量化、全面、动态”评估,同时,癌痛治疗还须达标,实现无痛休息、无痛睡眠、无痛活动。癌痛的药物治疗应遵循WHO“三阶梯止痛方案”及基本原则,科学合理地选择、应用并重视预防与处理药物不良反应。此外,适时给予非药物治疗能提高镇痛效果,降低不良反应。 |
| 关键词: 乳腺癌 疼痛 管理 规范化 |
| DOI： |
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| To strengthen the comprehensive management of concomitant diseases of breast cancer：pain managementYang Xiaoqiu |
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蓝斯琪
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1
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| Abstract: |
| Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women and pain is the main and important accompanying symptom. Pain can occur in all stages of breast cancer due to invasion of tumors, compression of surrounding tissues, metastasis of tumors, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and psychological factors. Standardized cancer pain management could effectively control cancer pain, improve the quality of life of patients, build up confidence in anti-cancer treatment, prolong the survival and reduce medical costs. Cancer pain management is a comprehensive, all-round and dynamic process. Pain assessment is the basis. Appropriate methods should be selected to carry out "routine, quantitative, comprehensive and dynamic" assessment. The treatment of cancer pain should reach the standard and achieve painless rest, painless sleep and painless motion. Drug therapy for cancer pain should follow WHO"s "three-step analgesic scheme" and basic principles, which have to be selected and applied scientifically and rationally. Meanwhile, it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of adverse drug reactions. Timely non-drug treatment also could improve the analgesic effect and reduce adverse reactions. |
| Key words: breast cancer, pain, management, standardization |
