［Abstract］　This paper focuses on the etiology and classification of inherited metabolic bone diseases. For clinically suspected patients, the identification of pathogenic genes should be carried out to confirm the diagnosis. Especially in recent years, the wide application of next-generation sequencing technology has greatly promoted the discovery of new pathogenic genes.]]> 2018/12/29 16:55:28 ZHANG Zhen-lin 7true ［Abstract］　With the aging of China′s population, primary osteoporosis has become a common and frequently-occurring disease threatening the health of the elderly and more and more attentions have been paid to it. Secondary osteoporosis is common in both inpatients and outpatients, however, the morbidity and diagnosis rates of secondary osteoporosis and its screening and intervention have not been paid enough attention to. A survey showed that the abnormal rate of bone mineral density(BMD) was 78.51% in inpatients and 75.00% in outpatients, and that the proportion of the postmenopausal women who received BMD tests was less than 3% of the postmenopausal women hospitalized in the same period, and that the proportion of the men over 70 years old who received BMD tests was less than 1% of the men over 70 years old hospitalized in the same period. Therefore, it is particularly urgent and important to carry out the knowledge education of the risk factors of preventing osteoporosis among medical staff, so as to further improve the awareness of osteoporosis prevention and intervention treatment at present. In this paper, we expound the disease factors and related drugs of osteoporosis in the hospitalized patients at high risk for osteoporosis, and strengthen the assessment, screening and intervention of osteoporosis for the high-risk groups, so as to attract the high attention of the relevant clinical medical staff and reduce the incidence of secondary osteoporosis.]]> 2018/12/29 16:55:28 YAN Xiao-dong 6true ［Abstract］　Objective　To observe the effects of Modified Qing′ e Pill on the bone microstructure and the expression levels of beta-catenin and Diekkopf-1(DKK-1) mRNA in tail suspended osteoporosis model mice, and to investigate its partial mechanisms to prevent and treat rapid bone loss in simulated weightlessness. Methods　96 SPF C57BL/6 mice aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into control group, tail suspension group(HLS group), tail suspension+Modified Qing′ e Pill group(HLS+Qing′e group), tail suspension+estradiol group(HLS+estradiol group), with 24 cases in each group. The control group and HLS group were given 0.5 ml of normal saline every day. The HLS+Qing′e group was given 0.5 ml of mixed suspension of Modified Qing′e Pill, and the HLS+estradiol group was given 0.5 ml of mixed suspension of Bujiale. The doses of the drugs were calculated by the conversion method of human and animal surface area. Three months after treatment, the microstructure of bone tissues was obtained by micro-CT detection and three-dimensional reconstruction. The expressions of local beta-catenin, DKK-1 and its mRNA in the bone tissues of the femoral head of the lower extremities were detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, and the level of type I procollagen amino end peptide(PINP) in circulating blood was detected by ELISA method. Results　Compared with those in the HLS group, the bone volume fraction(BV/TV), bone trabecular number(Tb.N) and trabecular thickness(Tb.Th) increased significantly(P<0.05), and the structural model index(SMI), trabecular spacing(Tb.Sp) and bone surface volume ratio(BS/BV) significantly decreased in the control group, HLS+Qing′e group and HLS+estradiol group(P<0.05). Compared with those in the HLS group, the expression levels of local beta-catenin mRNA increased significantly(P<0.05), and the expression levels of DKK-1 mRNA decreased significantly(P<0.05) in the control group, HLS+Qing′e group and HLS+estradiol group（P<0.05）. Compared with those in the HLS group, the levels of PINP in the circulating blood of the other three groups increased significantly(P<0.05). Conclusion　Modified Qing′ e Pill can prevent and treat the disused osteoporosis in tail suspended osteoporosis model mice, whose partial mechanisms may be related to the enhancement of the expression of local beta-catenin mRNA and the inhibition of the level of DKK-1 mRNA in bone tissues.]]> 2018/12/29 16:55:29 SHUAI Bo, SHEN Lin, YANG Yan-ping, et al. 5true ［Abstract］　Patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) are more prone to developing vitamin D deficiency. Although traditional therapies with active vitamin D or vitamin D analogues have been widely used in patients with CKD, nutritional vitamin D supplementation is not paid much attention. There is increasing evidence suggesting that supplementation with plain vitamin D has important clinical benefits distinguishing from active vitamin D. Adequate serum 25(OH)D not only provides renal 1 alpha hydroxylase with sufficient substrate, but also contributes to local production of 1, 25(OH)₂D in the extra-renal tissues. Thus generating their own 1, 25(OH)₂D from circulating 25(OH)D creates pleiotropic effects, including regulation of proliferation and differentiation of many cell types. Therefore, nutritional vitamin D supplementation should be paid sufficient attention in CKD patients with vitamin D deficiency.]]> 2018/12/29 16:55:29 ZHANG Hui-ling, XIE Zhong-jian 4true ［Abstract］　Osteoporosis(OP) is a metabolic disease characterized by reduced bone mass, increased bone fragility and bone structure destruction, accompanied by decreased bone strength. In this paper, by means of literature study, we summarize the characteristics and application status of 4 out-hospital health education models of primary osteoporosis to provide appropriate guidelines to different groups of people and to give medical workers some theoretical bases and experience references.]]> 2018/12/29 16:55:29 ZHOU Fan-hua, GAN Lin, SHEN Lin, et al. 3true ［Abstract］　Objective　To study the changes of biochemical indexes in the patients with secondary osteoporosis of Graves disease(GD) and to provide the information for finding the predictors of the disease. Methods　141 patients with GD were included in this study. They were divided into osteopenia group（with bone loss, n=29） and control group［with normal bone mineral density(BMD), n=112］ according to different bone densities. BMDs of the lumber spine(L₁-L₄), femoral neck(FN) and distal radius(DR) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The levels of serum free triiodothyronine(FT₃), free thyroxine(FT₄), thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25-OHD), thyrotropin receptor antibodies(TRAb), alkaline phosphatase（ALP）, aminoterminal prepeptide typeⅠ procollagen(PINP), β cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen（β-CTX）were detected in all the patients. Results　The levels of TSH, TRAb, 25-OHD and BMD in the osteopenia group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01). The levels of FT₃, FT₄, ALP, PINP and β-CTX in the osteoporosis group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). Markers of bone metabolism PINP and β-CTX in the GD patients were negatively correlated with BMD at the LS, FN and DR(P<0.05). Conclusion　The decrease of BMD is associated with the increase of serum bone metabolism markers in GD patients. Monitoring the levels of bone metabolic markers can predict the changes of bone mass, which is helpful for early detection of secondary osteoporosis of GD.]]> 2018/12/29 16:55:29 HU Ying-yu, YAN Xiao-dong, YU Yan-qing 2true ［Abstract］　Objective　To observe the changes of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in middle-aged and elderly people in different seasons, and the relationship between the vitamin D levels and bone metabolism indexes. Methods　The serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, electrolyte, parathyroid hormone（PTH）, beta-collagen degradation product（β-CTX） and type 1 collagen amino-terminal prolongation peptide(P1NP) were detected in 117 postmenopausal women and elderly men collected in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the People′s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from August 2017 to August 2018. According to different detection time, the patients were divided into spring group(from March to May, n=36), summer group(from June to August, n=32), autumn group(from September to November, n=23) and winter group (from December to February of the following year, n=26). The changes of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in different seasons were analyzed. Meanwhile, the patients were divided into vitamin D deficiency group［25(OH)D<50 nmol/L, n=34］, vitamin D insufficiency group［50 nmol/L≤25(OH)D≤75 nmol/L, n=53］ and vitamin D adequacy group［25(OH)D>75 nmol/L, n=30］ according to different levels of 25(OH)D, and the differences of electrolyte, PTH and bone turnover markers were analyzed and compared among the groups. Results　There were significant differences in the levels of 25(OH)D between the spring group and the summer group, the spring group and the autumn group, the summer group and the winter group, the autumn group and the winter group(P<0.01). There were no significant differences in age, aminotransferase, serum creatinine, PTH, and β-CTX among the three groups with different levels of vitamin D(P>0.05). There were significant differences in serum calcium(P<0.01) and lnP1NP(P<0.05) between the vitamin D adequacy group and the vitamin D deficiency group. The level of 25(OH)D in each group was negatively correlated with age(P<0.01). Conclusion　The level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the middle-aged and elderly people was high in summer, but the lowest in winter. In the postmenopausal women and the elderly men, the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are negatively correlated with age. The patients with vitamin D deficiency have decreased levels of serum calcium and reduced bone formation.]]> 2018/12/29 16:55:29 XU Guo-ling, YAN Xiao-dong 1true