［Abstract］　Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation(NPPV) has become an important respiratory support method in hospitals and families, and plays an irreplaceable role in modern respiratory support therapy. In this paper, Medline is used to search and summarize NPPV-related clinical studies from June 2018 to October 2019. The results show that NPPV has relevant highlights in the aspects of acute respiratory failure, weaning from assisted invasive ventilation, preoxygenation, chronic respiratory failure, optimization of the application of methodology and comparison with other non-invasive ventilation support methods, providing better methods and more powerful evidence for the optimal application of NPPV.]]> 2020/2/18 17:19:01 GUAN Li-li, TAO Wei-hua, WANG Ling-wei, et al. 6true ［Abstract］　Invasive respiratory support technique is one of the important life support methods to save the life of critical patients. Clinically, dynamic observation is used to reflect the driving pressure and transpulmonary pressure indexes of pulmonary stress, and to evaluate pulmonary strain. New monitoring methods, such as critical ultrasound and electrical impedance tomography(EIT), are used to establish individualized dynamic evaluation of the clinical solution of invasive respiratory support, to guide respiratory support techniques such as lung protective ventilation, positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP) titration, lung recruitment, prone position ventilation and extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation, so as to effectively improve the effective oxygenation of critical patients and minimize the side effects of invasive ventilation.]]> 2020/2/18 17:19:01 XIE Li-xin 5true ［Abstract］　Severe community-acquired pneumonia(SCAP) has an acute onset and rapid progress, often manifested as severe and persistent hypoxemia, even acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS), and is also prone to severe hemodynamic abnormalities and circulatory failure, and even multiple system organ dysfunction, resulting in increased mortality. Streptococcus pneumoniae is still the most common pathogen of SCAP, and the roles of viruses, atypical pathogens, especially Legionella in the pathogens are gradually emerging. SCAP with different manifestations such as septic shock and ARDS will be performed bundled, standardized and flow-based treatment according to evidence-based medical evidence, which will help to improve the prognosis of the patients and may effectively reduce the mortality of the patients with severe pneumonia.]]> 2020/2/18 17:19:01 LIU Shuang-lin, LI Qi 4true ［Abstract］　Hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) rank first among prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in China. Although the guidelines of HAP/VAP have been updated in China and at abroad recently, there are still some challenges to improve the skills of diagnosis and treatment of HAP/VAP, and ultimately to improve the outcomes. Procalcitonin(PCT), a more specific biomarker of infection than C-reactive protein(CRP), is elevated rapidly in severe bacterial infection and sepsis. Dynamic monitoring of PCT can be used to guide the diagnosis of HAP/VAP and the course of antimicrobial treatment.]]> 2020/2/18 17:19:01 ZHAN Yang-qing, YE Feng 3true ［Abstract］　High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy(HFNC) is a new respiratory support technology and has been widely used in clinical practice in recent years. HFNC is extensively applied in the respiratory insufficient diseases, such as acute hypoxic respiratory failure, hypercarbia respiratory failure, assisted extubation from invasive mechanical ventilation, and so on. However, there is still a lack of high-quality evidence to prove the effectiveness of HFNC, so the indications should be strictly controlled in clinical practice.]]> 2020/2/18 17:19:01 SUN Bing, TANG Xiao 2true ［Abstract］　For the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism in the intermediate-high risk group, domestic and foreign guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism have recommended simple anticoagulant treatment for a long time, but there has been controversy in clinical practice. The controversy mainly focuses on the efficacy and safety of the thrombolysis. In recent years, most randomized controlled clinical trials have confirmed that thrombolytic therapy of acute pulmonary embolism in the intermediate-high risk group is indeed difficult to reduce the mortality of the patients, but it can reduce pulmonary artery pressure and improve right ventricular function faster, and reduce the incidence of hemodynamic decompensation. Compared with anticoagulant therapy alone, although thrombolytic therapy increases the incidence of minor bleeding with little harm, it does not increase the incidence of major bleeding. The clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of thrombolysis.]]> 2020/2/18 17:19:01 QIN Zhi-qiang 1true