［Abstract］　Lymphangioleiomyomatosis(LAM) is a rare multisystem disease that occurs most frequently in women of childbearing age and is characterised by diffuse cystic lung lesions that usually present clinically as progressively worsening dyspnoea and recurrent episodes of pneumothorax or chylothorax. The clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of LAM published by the American Thoracic Society in association with the Japanese Respiratory Society suggest that patients with characteristic high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) changes in the chest with diffuse distribution of multiple thin-walled cystic cavities and abnormally elevated serum vascular endothelial growth factor-D can be diagnosed as LAM without lung biopsy. Despite advances in diagnostic procedures, missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of LAM are still not uncommon and new non-invasive biomarkers are urgently needed for early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prognostic evaluation and therapeutic response evaluation of the disease. In this review, we summarise the emerging non-invasive biomarkers of LAM in recent years, hoping that the combination of multiple markers can help clinicians evaluated the disease more comprehensively and improve their ability to diagnose and treat rare diseases of the lungs.]]> 2022/1/29 11:54:58 YANG Sheng-nan, WEI Feng-qin, LIU Pei-pei, et al. 4true ［Abstract］　Pulmonary rehabilitation(PR) is a grade A recommendation for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Music therapy assisted PR for COPD patients is a new direction to supplement the existing rehabilitation contents and help them play a role. Music therapy has better effects on COPD patients in alleviating symptoms of dyspnea, improving exercise capacity, improving cardiopulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength, improving anxiety and depression, improving rehabilitation compliance, reducing economic burden and saving medical resources. This paper mainly reviews the application and research progress of music therapy in PR of COPD patients, aiming to explore a new way of PR for COPD patients in China, so that PR can better serve the relevant population.]]> 2022/1/29 11:54:58 SHI Ming-hui, YANG Ting 3true ［Abstract］　Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA) is a disorder characterized by a periodic hypoxia-reoxygenation cycle during nighttime sleep, that is, intermittent hypoxia. Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor with poor prognosis. In recent years, more and more studies have explored the effect of OSA on lung cancer, suggesting that OSA can enhance the proliferation, invasion and migration of lung cancer cells. This may be related to the increase of intermittent hypoxia-induced hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) caused by OSA and the enhanced expression of programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1) in lung cancer cells. This paper reviews the relationship between OSA and lung cancer and the potential mechanisms that affect lung cancer, and summarizes the cell and animal models simulating OSA-like intermittent hypoxia complicated with lung cancer.]]> 2022/1/29 11:54:58 FANG Yi-fei, DAI Li-ping, OUYANG Song-yun 2true ［Abstract］　Influenza-like illness(ILI) is a group of respiratory viruses infected diseases which present fever in combination with cough or sore throat. ILI is usually under surveillance round the world. Influenza virus is the most common pathogens of ILIs, especially during influenza season and pandemic. The clinical manifestations of ILI caused by influenza virus infection are slightly different from those caused by other respiratory viruses. Epidemiology and clinical findings are the clues for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of influenza and other viral infections, but the pathogenic diagnosis depends on the detection of viral nucleic acid.]]> 2022/1/29 11:54:58 QIN Zhi-qiang 1true