［Abstract］　In order to help readers to better understand Expert Consensus on Preparation Technique of Autologous Platelet-rich Plasma, the key recommendation points, difficult points and uncertain points of the consensus are systematically interpreted or supplemented in this paper. It is expected to provide support for the readers to have a more comprehensive understanding, accurate understanding and flexible use of the consensus, and to promote the healthy development of this technique in the field of blood transfusion medicine to the maximum extent.]]> 2022/9/1 11:53:33 ZHOU Mou, LUO Rui-xian, LI Hai-lan, et al. 7true ［Abstract］　Objective　To explore the effects of immune factors on the production of unexpected antibodies of common blood types. Methods　The unexpected antibody cases with clearly recorded transfusion and pregnancy history detected in the Blood Group Reference Laboratory of Shanghai Blood Center from March 2013 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The direct antiglobulin test(DAT) positive, autoantibodies, drug antibodies, cold autoantibodies and neonatal patients, and mixed antibodies were excluded. A total of 1 920 cases were finally enrolled. The blood transfusion history and pregnancy history of the patients who produced antibodies were counted, and they were divided into blood transfusion and pregnancy history group(group A, 331 cases), blood transfusion history group(group B, 231 cases), pregnancy history group(group C, 1 068 cases), non-blood transfusion and non-pregnancy history group(group D, 290 cases). The patients with blood transfusion history were divided into multiple blood transfusion group(326 cases) and single blood transfusion group(236 cases). The effects of immune factors on the production of unexpected antibodies of common blood types were analyzed. Results　There was no obvious consistency in the distribution trend between the group B and the group C. The detection rates of anti-E, anti-Ec and anti-Ce antibodies in the group B were higher than those in the group D, and the detection rates of anti-M and anti-Lea in the group B were lower than those in the group D, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The detection rates of anti-D and anti-E in the group C were higher than those in the group D, but the detection rates of anti-M and anti-Leb in the group C were lower than those in the group D, and the differences were significantly different(P<0.05). The detection rates of anti-Ce, anti-Kidd and anti-Ec in the multiple blood transfusion group were higher than those in the single blood transfusion group. The detection rates of anti-DC and anti-D in the multiple blood transfusion group were lower than those in the sigle blood transfusion group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the group A and the group B in the distributions of different specific unexpected antibodies(χ²=15.400, P=0.350), but there was a statistically significant difference between the group A and the group C(P<0.05). Conclusion　There are significant differences in the distributions of different specific antibodies in blood transfusion patients, multiparae and individuals without obvious immune history. Pregnancy also has a significant impact on the production of unexpected antibodies of blood types, and for the detection of unexpected antibodies and the safety of blood transfusion, the significance of previous blood transfusion history is much greater than that of pregnancy history. The study on the laws of production, distribution and variation of unexpected antibodies of blood types will bring valuable help to the safety of blood transfusion and even the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.]]> 2022/9/1 11:53:33 XIANG Dong, GONG Guo-qin, FAN Liang-feng, et al. 6true ［Abstract］　Fetomaternal hemorrhage(FMH) is a rare disease during pregnancy, which may lead to fetal distress, anemia, and even death. However, the onset of FMH is insidious and lacks specificity. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to select appropriate detection methods for early diagnosis and active treatment. This paper introduces the common FMH screening assays in detail, such as Rosette screen, Kleihauer-Betke acid-elution test, anti-D antibody and anti-HbF antibody flow cytometry. The choice of the treatment plans for FMH needs to consider the gestational age and the severity of the disease. When a large amount of FMH occurs, intrauterine blood transfusion is the first choice for treatment. Improving clinicians′ awareness of FMH, and paying attention to early diagnosis and treatment of FMH will help to ensure the life safety of mothers and their infants.]]> 2022/9/1 11:53:33 TAI Sheng-fei, YU Yang 5true ［Abstract］　Children are different from adults in blood volume, blood component level, immune system maturity and physiological response to hypovolemia and hypoxia, and their transfusion practice is more complex than that of adults. In view of the above, the National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China has issued the Guideline for Pediatric Transfusion, in which exchange transfusion therapy is a common treatment strategy for neonatal hemolytic disease. This paper takes the issue of the optimal exchange transfusion volume for neonatal hemolytic disease as an example to discuss the evidence-based process of the guideline formulation. The issue is recommended based on evidence-based medical proof through PICO［P(population/participants), I(intervention/exposure), C(comparator/control), O(outcome)］ construction, systematic and comprehensive literature search, evidence evaluation, screening and rating. The purpose of this paper is to provide an effective evidence collation and rating scheme for transfusion clinical practice and guideline formulation, and to explain how to use evidence-based theory to solve clinical problems.]]> 2022/9/1 0:00:00 HUANG Xue-yuan, HUANG Rong, DONG Hang, et al. 4true ［Abstract］　Objective　To analyse the clinical characteristics of patients with severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia(AIHA) and the efficacy of transfusions of different types of red blood cell components. Methods　Eighty-three severe AIHA patients who received blood transfusion were selected and divided into three groups according to the transfusions of different types of red blood cell components: group A(27 cases) in which the patients were transfused with ABO+Rh homotype washed red blood cells, group B(28 cases) in which the patients were transfused with ABO+Rh homotype leukocyte-depleted red blood cells and group C(28 cases) in which the patients were transfused with ABO+Rh homotype suspended red blood cells. According to the indicators of hemoglobin(Hb), red blood cell count(RBC), reticulocyte percentage(Ret%), total bilirubin(TBIL), on the basis of comparative analysis of the clinical and serological characteristics of the patients, the effects of blood transfusion treatment and adverse blood transfusion reactions were analyzed in each group and compared among the three groups. Results　The etiology of secondary AIHA in the patients of the three groups was mainly connective tissue diseases and hematological diseases. In the direct anti-human globulin test, antibodies sensitized to red blood cells were mainly IgG+C3d, followed by IgG, and there were no significant differences in the test results among the three groups. In antibody screening and antibody identification tests, irregular antibodies were mainly autoantibodies+isoantibodies, followed by blood group-specific autoantibodies, and there were no significant differences in the test results among the three groups(P>0.05). Before transfusion of red blood cells, there were no significant differences in Hb, RBC, Ret% and TBIL among the three groups(P>0.05). After transfusion of red blood cells, the levels of Hb and RBC in each group were significantly higher than those before transfusion of blood components(P<0.05), and the levels of Ret% and TBIL were significantly lower than those before transfusion of blood components(P<0.05). The effective rate of transfusion of blood components was 71.11% in group A, 66.67% in group B and 68.89% in group C, and there was no significant difference among the three groups(P>0.05). Conclusion　In the treatment of patients with severe AIHA, in the case of eliminating the interference of allogeneic antibodies, there is no significant difference in the efficacy among the three transfusions of homotype washed red blood cells, homotype leukocyte-depleted red blood cells and homotype suspended red blood cells. It is more convenient to choose ABO+Rh homotype leukocyte-depleted red blood cells or suspended red blood cells, because of no need to do the wash treatment.]]> 2022/9/1 11:53:33 WANG Jing, YU Fan, FENG Yu-ting, et al. 3true ［Abstract］　According to the laws and regulations related to transfusion medicine, technical documents and characteristics of the new technology on platelet-rich plasma(PRP) in transfusion medicine in China, combining with the research of Department of Blood Transfusion, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command and the practical experience of the department in carrying out this technology for more than ten years, we describe the research status of PRP at home and abroad, the necessity of development, the advantages of the research of PRP, how to develop the research of PRP and the application prospects in this paper, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion medicine department to further develop the new technology of autologous PRP therapy.]]> 2022/9/1 11:53:33 LIU Guang-ya, ZHOU Mou, SHAN Gui-qiu 2true ［Abstract］　Objective　To investigate the serological and molecular biological characteristics of ABO subtypes in patients in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Methods　A total of 25 specimens in which ABO subtypes were identified by serologic tests were collected from the patients in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2021, and polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer(PCR-SSP) and polymerase chain reaction-sequence based typing(PCR-SBT) were used to determine the genotypes, and the detection results of serology and molecular biology were compared and analyzed. Results　Of the 25 specimens confirmed to be ABO subtypes by serologic tests, 10 cases were confirmed to be subtypes by molecular biological testing, including 7 cases of subtype B and 3 cases of subtype AB, and Bw11 was the major allele of ABO subtypes(8/10). The other 15 serological subtypes were confirmed as non-ABO subtypes by PCR-SBT method, among which the A102 allele was the most common(9/15). Conclusion　The consistency rate between the serological and molecular biological results of ABO subtypes is low in patients in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Appropriate detection methods should be selected for verification to improve the accuracy of ABO subtype identification and ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.]]> 2022/9/1 11:53:33 MO Heng-cheng, LI Si-na, LI Hao, et al. 1true