［Abstract］　Objective　To explore the effectiveness and safety of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(auto-HSCT) in treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL) patients complicated with hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection and the benefits of auto-HSCT for the patients′ survival. Methods　The data of 39 DLBCL patients complicated with HBV infection who were newly treated with auto-HSCT in Peking University Cancer Hospital from August 2008 to August 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and Kaplan-Meier(KM) curve was used for survival analysis. Results　The complete remission rates of all the included patients before and after auto-HSCT were 56.41% and 71.79%, respectively. The 3-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates after auto-HSCT were 38.46% and 58.97%, respectively. Hematopoietic reconstruction was achieved in all the 39 patients. Conclusion　auto-HSCT is safe and effective in treatment of the DLBCL patients complicated with HBV infection, and can significantly improve the prognosis of the patients.]]> 2023/11/30 11:41:23 WANG Yue, CHEN Jie, Reyizha Nuersulitan, et al. 7true ［Abstract］　Objective　To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(auto-ASCT) in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia(AML). Methods　The clinical data of 18 patients with AML who underwent auto-ASCT in the Department of Hematology of Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from March 2017 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to French-American-British classification systems(FAB), the patients were classified into M₂ type(3 cases), M₄ type(9 cases), and M₅ type(6 cases). According to National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN) guidelines, the patients with AML were classified into 3 cytogenetic prognostic groups: low risk(6 cases), intermediate risk(8 cases) and high risk(4 cases), among whom, 11 patients were in the first complete remission(CR₁) before the transplantation and 7 patients in the second complete remission(CR₂) before the transplantation. Hematopoietic stem cells of all the patients were derived from peripheral blood, among whom 18 cases were mobilized by chemotherapy drugs+granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF), and 2 cases were mobilized by plerixafor in the second time due to the insufficient quantity collected in the first time. The median count number of infused CD34⁺ cells was 4.05×10⁶/kg(1.87×10⁶-27.40×10⁶/kg) and the median count number of infused mononuclear cells was 14.48×10⁸/kg(4.07×10⁸-24.74×10⁸/kg) in the 18 cases. Results　The median time of neutrophil engraftment in the 18 cases was 10(9-13)days, and their median time of platelet engraftment was 15(10-19)days. The 3-year overall survival rate and leukemia-free survival rate were 73.00% and 72.00%, respectively. The relapse rate was 33.33% in the patients with BuCy-based conditioning regimen and 12.50% in the patients with BuMel-based conditioning regimen. All the 18 patients had different gastrointestinal reactions. In the 6 patients with BuCy-based conditioning regimen, the adverse reactions outside the bloodstream included Ⅰ-Ⅱ diarrhea, palpitation, chest tightness, elevated transaminase, and hypokalemia.One patient developed engraftment syndrome after transplantation. Eight patients with BuMel-based conditioning regimen had the adverse reactions outside the bloodstream including grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ oral ulcer and hypokalemia. No transplant-associated death occurred in any of the 18 patients. Conclusion　Auto-ASCT is a safe and effective consolidation treatment option for AML patients after complete remission. BuMel-based conditioning regimen has slighter adverse reactions and lower relapse rate, and can be used as the first choice of conditioning regimen for AML patients with auto-ASCT.]]> 2023/11/30 11:41:23 ZHANG Min, LIU Ling, JIANG Wen-na, et al. 6true ［Abstract］　Objective　To analyze the incidence, clinical features and influencing factors of BK polyomavirus(BKV)-associated hemorrhagic cystitis after unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with blood transfusion-dependent thalassemia. Methods　The clinical data of 62 children with blood transfusion-dependent thalassemia who received unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from February 2018 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. These clinical data included age of the children, human leukocyte antigen(HLA) compatibility, presence of acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD) and chronic graft-versus-host disease(cGVHD), and the correlation of their presence with BKV infection. Results　Among the 62 recipients, 14 cases(22.58%, 14/62) developed hemorrhagic cystitis, and BKV infections were found in their urine, with BKV copies reaching up to 10⁷/ml, and the coincidence rate between hemorrhagic cystitis and BKV infection was 100.00%. Under the same conditioning regimen, unrelated HLA-match and graft-versus-host disease(GVHD) were influencing factors for developing BKV-associated hemorrhagic cystitis. Conclusion　BKV infection is the main cause of hemorrhagic cystitis in children with blood transfusion-dependent thalassemia after unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Unrelated HLA-match and GVHD are influencing factors for developing BKV-associated hemorrhagic cystitis.]]> 2023/11/30 11:41:23 ZHUANG Yan-hong, HONG Xiu-li, CHEN Jie, et al. 5true ［Abstract］　Objective　To compare the therapeutic effects of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in beta-thalassemia major children of different ages. Methods　The clinical data of 41 beta-thalassemia major children of different ages who received treatment at the Department of Hematology of Hainan General Hospital from March 1, 2017 to February 28, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2-5 years old group(20 cases) and 6-15 years old group(21 cases) at the age of five years. The success rate of implantation after transplantation, thalassemia-free survival rate, incidence of graft-versus-host disease(GVHD), and the rate of infection and other transplant-related complications were compared between the patients in the two groups. Results　The incidence of respiratory tract infection in the 2-5 years old group after transplantation was significantly lower than that in the 6-15 years old group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the success rate of implantation, the incidence of GVHD, the thalassemia-free survival rate and the incidence of hepatic veno-occlusive disease(VOD) between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion　The pediatric patients in the 2-5 years old group has fewer complications and high quality of life after transplantation, which provides optimal guiding significance for clinical treatment.]]> 2023/11/30 11:41:23 WANG Gu-yun, LIN Li-e 4true ［Abstract］　Objective　To analyze the efficacy and safety of venetoclax(VEN) combined with azacitidine(AZA) and donor lymphocyte infusion(DLI) in treatment of the relapse of myeloid malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT). Methods　The clinical data of 8 patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML, 5 cases) and myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS, 3 cases) who relapsed after allo-HSCT and received salvage therapy with VEN+AZA+DLI at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from September 2018 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy, side effects and overall survival. Results　Among the 8 patients, 4 cases were male and the other 4 cases were female, with a median age of 31(15-64)years. The median time of relapse after allo-HSCT was 316(77-1 099)days. The median time for the patients from relapse to receiving salvage therapy with VEN+AZA was 10(4-25)days, and the median course of salvage therapy was 3.5(1-6). Five patients achieved complete remission(CR)/complete remission with incomplete count recovery(CRi) after receiving the first course of VEN+AZA+DLI. One patient achieved CR after receiving the second course of combined treatment with daratuzumab. Two patients still had non-remission(NR) after receiving the first course of treatment. The median follow-up time was 429(40-746)days. Among the 8 patients, 4 cases(who achieved and maintained CR/CRi after the first course of treatment) survived, and 4 cases died. Among the 4 deaths, 3 cases died due to disease progression［2 cases suffered from AML and 1 case suffered from therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome(t-MDS)］, and 1 AML patient died of respiratory failure due to pulmonary infection. The median survival time was 429(40-746)days, and the overall estimated 2-year survival rate was 41.67%. Conclusion　VEN+AZA+DLI is effective in treatment of the relapse of myeloid malignancies after allo-HSCT and is well tolerated by the patients.]]> 2023/11/30 0:00:00 SHI Ling-ling, WU Mei-qing, LIU Lian-jin, et al. 3true ［Abstract］　Objective　To observe the efficacy and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT) with the intensified conditioning regimen containing cladribine in treatment of acute leukemia(AL) in the first complete remission phase(CR₁). Methods　The clinical data of 11 AL patients with high risk and measurable residual disease(MRD)-positive low/intermediate risk in CR₁ who received allo-HSCT with the intensified conditioning regimen containing cladribine in the Transplantation Center of the Department of Hematology of the People′s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from June 2021 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The general data, transplantation characteristics, hematopoietic reconstruction and survival of the patients were analyzed. Results　After allo-HSCT, all the 11 patients attained hematopoietic reconstruction. The median time of neutrophil engraftment was 12(11-13)days, and the median time of platelet engraftment was 13(11-14)days. Pulmonary infection occurred in 2 cases and bloodstream infection in 1 case before granulocyte implantation, all of whom improved after anti-infection treatment. Grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ acute graft-versus-host disease(GVHD) occurred in 4 patients, and 4 cases developed mild to moderate chronic GVHD. The median follow-up time was 280(87-667)days, and 10 cases survived and 1 case died. The expected 1-year overall survival(OS) rate and the disease-free survival(DFS) rate were 90.00% and 78.80% respectively. Conclusion　For the AL patients with high risk and MRD-positive low/intermediate risk in CR₁ before transplantation, allo-HSCT with the intensified conditioning regimen containing cladribine can reduce the relapse rate and improve the OS, and has good safety without increasing the pretreatment-associated toxicity.]]> 2023/11/30 11:41:23 TANG Yang-ming, LU Xiao-chen, XIE Yan-mei, et al. 2true ［Abstract］　Objective　To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of high-dose melphalan pretreatment regimen in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma(MM). Methods　The clinical data of 64 patients with MM who received high-dose melphalan pretreatment regimen in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for MM in the Department of Hematology of the People′s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from October 2006 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients′ hematopoietic reconstruction, disease outcomes after transplantation and transplant-related adverse reactions were analyzed. Results　Hematopoietic reconstruction was achieved in all the 64 patients with MM. The median time of neutrophil implantation was 11(9-13)days, and the median time of platelet implantation was 12(10-14)days, and the transplant-related mortality(TRM) was 0 one hundred days after transplantation. Until the end of follow-up, the follow-up period was 4-188 months, with a median follow-up time of 42.3(3.5-188)months, and the median overall survival was not reached. The overall survival rate was 89.06%. Among the 64 patients with MM, 46 patients(71.88%) had progression-free survival, and 18 patients(28.12%) had the disease recurrence or progression, and 7 patients(10.94%) died. Of the seven deaths, 6 cases(9.38%) died of the disease recurrence or progression, and 1 case(1.56%) died of secondary acute leukemia. Fifty-two patients(81.25%) achieved complete response(CR) 3 months after transplantation, and 41 patients(64.06%) had no disease recurrence or progression by the end of the follow-up. The main non-hematologic toxicities in the patients receiving the high-dose melphalan pretreatment regimen in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for MM were nausea and vomiting, oral mucositis, and diarrhea. Nausea and vomiting occurred in all the 64 patients with MM, including 54 cases(84.38%) of nausea and vomiting grades 1-2, 10 cases(15.63%) of nausea and vomiting grades 3-4, 20 cases(31.25%) of oral mucositis grades 1-2, 7 cases(10.94%) of oral mucositis grades 3-4, 13 cases(20.31%) of diarrhea grades 1-2 and 4 cases(6.25%) of diarrhea grades 3-4. In addition, 38 patients(59.38%) developed infectious fever during neutrophil deficiency, and these patients improved after symptomatic treatments, and no transplant-related deaths occurred. Conclusion　The high-dose melphalan pretreatment regimen has significant clinical efficacy and tolerable side effects in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for MM.]]> 2023/11/30 0:00:00 XIE Yan-mei, HUANG Yu-kui, HUANG Cai-xian, et al. 1true