［Abstract］　Objective　To explore the differences in the expressions of Pin1 and paxillin proteins in lung cancer tissues and paracancerous normal tissues, and to analyze their correlations with clinicopathological features. Methods　The medical record data and pathological tissues of 208 patients with primary lung cancer who were admitted the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from June 2018 to September 2022 were collected. Immunohistochemical staining(SP method) was used to detect the expressions of Pin1 and paxillin in the tissues, and their correlations with clinicopathological features was analyzed. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of Pin1 and paxillin proteins in multiple lung cancer cell line cells. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to evaluate the correlations of Pin1 and paxillin expressions with the patients′ prognosis. Results　The levels of Pin1 and paxillin expressions in lung cancer tissues were higher than those in paracancerous normal tissues, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The expression of Pin1 protein was correlated with T stage, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage(P<0.05), and the expression of paxillin protein was correlated with histological type and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). The results of Spearman rank correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between Pin1 protein expression and paxillin protein expression in lung cancer tissues(r_s=0.455, P<0.001). The results of Western blot showed that the expressions of Pin1 and paxillin varied in different lung cancer cell lines. The survival prognosis of the patients in the paxillin low expression group was significantly better than that of the patients in paxillin high expression group(P<0.05), and the level of Pin1 expression was not significantly correlated with the survival prognosis of the lung cancer patients(P>0.05). Conclusion　The expressions of Pin1 and paxillin proteins are increased in lung cancer tissues, which are correlated with clinicopathological features. There is a positive correlation between Pin1 expression and paxillin expression in lung cancer tissues, and the level of paxillin expression can be used as one of the important indicators in judging the prognosis of lung cancer patients.]]> 2024/8/3 0:00:00 1,2, LIU Cunyu¹, HE Zhiwei¹]]> LI Na^1,2, LIU Cunyu¹, HE Zhiwei¹ 7true ［Abstract］　Objective　To explore the clinicopathological features of metastatic carcinoma in the digestive tract, and to provide experience for early detection and diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma in the digestive tract in patients with malignant tumors. Methods　The clinicopathological data of 25 patients with pathological diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma in the digestive tract in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2011 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected for inductive description and analysis. Results　Among the 25 cases with metastatic carcinoma in the digestive tract, there were 11 cases of lung cancer, 8 cases of breast cancer, 4 cases of kidney cancer and 2 cases of urothelial cancer. Among the 25 cases with metastatic carcinoma in the digestive tract, 14 cases were male and 11 cases were female. The patients ranged in age from 28 to 73 years, with a mean age of 55.6 years. The mean age of the patients was 57.9 years at the time when metastatic carcinoma in the digestive tract was definitely diagnosed. The average interval between the time of diagnosis of primary carcinoma and the time of diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma in the digestive tract was 36 months. Among the 25 cases with metastatic carcinoma in the digestive tract, 9 cases had metastatic carcinoma in the upper digestive tract and 16 cases had metastatic carcinoma in the lower digestive tract. At the time of definite diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma in the digestive tract, 15 cases had metastases in other organs, and the other 10 cases had lymph node metastases in multiple sites in the whole body. Under the microscope, the mucosal surface was mostly intact, and the transition between tumor tissues and their surrounding mucosa was abrupt, and vascular cancer thrombi were easily seen. Metastatic lung adenocarcinoma was mostly solid and flaky growth, while breast cancer was mostly poorly differentiated and cord-like infiltrating growth. Metastatic carcinoma could express relevant immunohistochemical markers with good specificity. Conclusion　The occurrence of metastatic carcinoma in the digestive tract often indicates a late stage event in its progression. When malignant epithelial tumors of the digestive tract with unique morphology are observed, the possibility of metastatic carcinoma should be considered. The patients′ medical history is paid attention to and immunohistochemical detection is reasonably chosen to avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.]]> 2024/8/3 0:00:00 MA Yihui, LI Jiajing, WANG Feng, WANG Zhengyang, HUANG Pei, LI Chenfei, LI Wencai 6true ［Abstract］　Objective　To explore the clinicopathological features of rare uterine mesenchymal tumors. Methods　The case data of rare and intractable uterine mesenchymal tumors definitely diagnosed in Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to May 2024 were collected. According to the proposed criteria of rare and intractable pathological changes in the Department of Pathology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 6 types of rare uterine mesenchymal tumors were collected, and the relevant literature was summarized and analyzed. Results　In this study, six lesions［including leiomyoma combined with lipoblastoma, pleomorphic adenoma gene 1(PLAG1) rearranged fibromyxoid sarcoma, embryonal neuroectodermal tumor/central type primitive neuroectodermal tumor, unspecified DICER1 mutation-related sarcoma, composite uterine high-grade sarcoma with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and fibrosarcoma and neuroectodermal differentiation, and MXI1-NUTM1 fusion sarcoma］ were selected and the features of their clinical, morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular detection results were described. Conclusion　Uterine mesenchymal tumors are relatively rare, but various types of mesenchymal tumors originating outside the uterus still occur in the uterus, and due to some limitations in sub-specialty grading diagnosis of clinical pathology, there is a potential risk of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, and accurate diagnosis of these mesenchymal tumors relies on the comprehensive evaluation of their clinical, morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular detections.]]> 2024/8/3 0:00:00 XIE Le, ZENG Min, LI Hongling, XU Yuanyuan, HUANG Yingxin, WEI Xuxuan, ZHANG Jinhui, MAO Rongjun 5true ［Abstract］　Objective　To explore the clinicopathological features of anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)-positive histiocytosis patients. Methods　The clinical medical record data of 5 ALK-positive histiocytosis patients and their pathological tissues were collected. All the tissues were performed conventional hematoxylin-eosin staining to observe the histopathological features. EnVision immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expression of ALK protein, and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) method and next-generation sequencing(NGS) method were used to detect the genetic mutation situation of the ALK gene. Results　Among the 5 cases, 3 cases were adults and 2 cases were children, and 4 cases were female and 1 case was male. Among the 5 cases, the tumor cells of 1 case were spindle cell-like, and the tumor cells of 1 case were foam-like histiocytoid, and the tumor cells of the other 3 cases were epithelioid and histiocytoid. The histiocyte markers of CD163 and CD68, and ALK protein were strongly expressed in all the cases. All the 5 cases had ALK gene translocations, which were KIF5B-ALK fusion gene. Conclusion　In this study, the histological morphological pedigree of 5 cases of ALK-positive histiocytosis includes epithelioid, foam-like histocytes and spindle cell morphology, all of which strongly express the histiocyte markers of CD163 and CD68, and ALK protein, and the chromosome breakages in ALK gene are detected in all the cases, and all of them are KIF5B-ALK fusion gene.]]> 2024/8/3 0:00:00 1, WANG Yu¹, CUI Feng², YANG Jie¹]]> ZENG Ziqi¹, WANG Yu¹, CUI Feng², YANG Jie¹ 4true ［Abstract］　Objective　Two cases of anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)-rearranged cutaneous spindle cell tumors with unique morphologic features and co-expression of S100 and CD34 are reported to improve clinicians′ understanding of this type of soft tissue spindle cell tumors. Methods　Two cases receiving consultation of doctors from other hospitals were collected. The expressions of vimentin, ALK(D5F3), BCL2, CD34 and Ki-67 in tumors were detected by using EnVision immunohistochemical two-step method. ALK gene rearrangement was detected by using break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) probes in 1 case and by using next-generation sequencing(NGS) in the other case. Results　Morphologically, the tumor cells were composed of mild spindle cells or ovoid cells arranged in bundle-like or whirlpool-like pattern, with interstitial hyaline degeneration and mucinous degeneration and visible more open vascular lumens. These tumors expressed both CD34 and S100, and ALK gene rearrangements were found. Conclusion　The ALK-rearranged cutaneous spindle cell tumors with co-expression of CD34 and S100 in the 2 cases have unique morphology, identical immunohistochemical expression and molecular characteristics, and similar clinicopathological features to neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase(NTRK)-rearranged spindle cell tumors.]]> 2024/8/3 0:00:00 AN Jin, LI Li 3true ［Abstract］　Objective　To explore the clinicopathological features of clear cell renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to the lung. Methods　The clinicopathological features of 4 cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to the lung which was diagnosed by puncture biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. CK, p40, p63, TTF-1, Napsin A, PAX8 and CD10 were detected by using immunohistochemical staining method, and their expressions were observed. Results　Among the 4 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to the lung, there were 3 males and 1 female, aged 44-71 years, with an average age of 58.75 years. All the 4 cases had multiple nodules in both lungs, with the largest nodule of each case located in the left lower lobe of the lung in 2 cases and the right lower lobe of the lung in 2 cases. All the 4 cases were positive for CK, PAX8, and CD10 expressions, while negative for TTF-1, Napsin A, p40 and p63 expressions. Conclusion　Lung tumors characterized by clear cell morphology need to be considered for the possibility of clear cell renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to the lung.]]> 2024/8/3 12:02:39 1, CUI Feng², HAN Silu³, WANG Xinyi³, LIN Xiaoting³, MEI Kaiyong³]]> ZHANG Junlin¹, CUI Feng², HAN Silu³, WANG Xinyi³, LIN Xiaoting³, MEI Kaiyong³ 2true ［Abstract］　Objective　To explore the expressions of mismatch repair(MMR) proteins in colorectal cancer tissues in south China area and their clinicopathological features. Methods　A total of 3 188 cases of colorectal cancer archived at Guangzhou Da′an Clinical Laboratory Center from January 2019 to December 2023 were collected. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 proteins in colorectal cancer tissues, and the relationship between these protein expressions and clinicopathological features was further analyzed. Results　Among the 3 188 cases of colorectal cancer, 254 cases(with a deficiency rate of 8.0%) were found to have mismatch repair protein deficiency(MMRd), and there were 146 cases of MLH1^-/PMS2^-, accounting for 57.5% of MMRd, and there were 35 cases of MSH2^-/MSH6^-, accounting for 13.8% of MMRd. There were significant differences in the incidence rates of MMRd between different ages, between tumor locations and between differentiation levels(P<0.05). Among the 3 188 cases of colorectal cancer, the analysis of specimens of 646 cases receiving radical resection for colorectal cancer revealed that MMRd was closely related to tumor maximum diameter, lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, nerve invasion and cancer nodules(P<0.05). Conclusion　The incidence rate of MMRd in colorectal cancer in south China area is 8.0%, and MMRd is more common in young women and their tumor sites are more common in ileocecum and ascending colon and these MMRd tumors are often poorly differentiated. MMRd tumors are often characterized by large tumor diameters(≥5 cm), rare lymph node metastasis, rare cancer nodules, no vascular invasion and no nerve invasion.]]> 2024/8/3 12:02:39 FU Qiaoyu, JIN Tian′en, JIANG Hanwen, HONG Juan, FANG Chutian, CHEN Zhongsheng 1true