［Abstract］　Objective　To study the efficacy of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block(SGB) combined with hormone replacement therapy in treatment of perimenopausal insomnia(PI). Methods　Ninety patients with PI who were admitted to Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from May 2024 to January 2025 were selected and divided into group A, group B and group C according to the random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. Group A received hormone replacement therapy(HRT). Group B received ultrasound-guided SGB treatment. Group C received ultrasound-guided SGB combined with HRT. All the three groups were treated for 4 weeks. The clinical efficacy, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) scores, Insomnia Severity Index(ISI) scores, Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire(MENQOL) scores, and the levels of sex hormones(follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and estradiol) and neurotransmitters(5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine) were compared among the three groups. Results　The total effective rate of group C(93.33%) was significantly higher than that of group A(50.00%) and group B(73.33%), and the total effective rate of group B was higher than that of group A, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment, the PSQI scores, ISI scores and MENQOL scores in group C were lower than those in group A and group B, and the PSQI scores, ISI scores and MENQOL scores in group B were lower than those in group A, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in group C were lower than those in group A and group B, while the levels of estradiol, 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine in group C were higher than those in group A and group B, and the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in group B were lower than those in group A, while the levels of estradiol, 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine in group B were higher than those in group A, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion　Ultrasound-guided SGB combined with HRT treatment can improve the therapeutic effect of PI patients, alleviate their insomnia symptoms and quality of life, and regulate the levels of their sex hormones and neurotransmitters.]]> 2025/6/5 0:00:00 WAN Lun, ZONG Chujun, ZHAN Yucheng, LI Chenglong 3true ［Abstract］　Objective　To analyze the correlation and consistency among 4 commonly used menopause scales for Chinese women. Methods　The electronic questionnaire data of 13 498 menopausal women who visited their doctors in 27 hospitals in multiple regions of China from January 2016 to December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The questionnaires included modified Kupperman Index(mKI), Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire(MENQOL), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI). The correlation and consistency among the above 4 scales in evaluating menopausal-related symptoms were compared. The MENQOL encompassed 4 dimensions: vasomotor symptoms, psychosocial state, physiological state and sexual life. The HADS consisted of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety(HADS-A) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression(HADS-D). Results　The median age of the research subjects was 52 years. The total scores of mKI were moderately to strongly correlated with the scores of each dimension of MENQOL(The values of r_s were 0.659, 0.632, 0.686 and 0.512, respectively). The consistency in judging the presence or absence of symptoms was moderate(The values of Kappa were 0.350, 0.330, 0.217 and 0.283, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001). The mKI had a weak to moderate correlation with HADS subscales(The values of r_s were 0.531 and 0.363, respectively). The scores of psychosocial state in MENQOL had a moderate to strong correlation with HADS subscales(The values of r_s were 0.665 and 0.479, respectively)(P<0.01). The consistency of the evaluation results was poor(The Kappa values of mKI and HADS subscales were 0.094 and 0.083, respectively, and the Kappa values of psychosocial state in MENQOL and HADS subscales were 0.053 and 0.041, respectively, P<0.001). The total scores of mKI and the scores of physiological state in MENQOL were strongly correlated with the scores of PSQI(The values of r_s were 0.634 and 0.593, respectively, P<0.01). The consistency of the evaluation results between the total scores of mKI and the scores of PSQI was moderate(Kappa=0.306, P<0.01). The consistency of the evaluation results between the scores of physiological state in MENQOL and the scores of PSQI was poor(Kappa=0.074, P<0.001). Conclusion　Appropriate questionnaires should be selected and combined according to specific circumstances in clinical practice. The correlation between mKI and MENQOL is relatively strong. Patients with severe emotional distress may consider undergoing HADS evaluation.]]> 2025/6/5 10:27:59 YANG Lingjin, TANG Ruiyi, CHEN Rong 2true ［Abstract］　Objective　To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of allylestrenol in treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding due to ovulatory dysfunction in childbearing age. Methods　The clinical data of 207 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding due to ovulatory dysfunction in childbearing age who were admitted to Department of Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Changzhou No.2 People′s Hospital) from January 2023 to November 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into observation group(90 cases) and control group(117 cases) according to different treatment methods. The observation group began to take 5 mg of allylestrenol orally on the 15th day of menstruation, twice a day, and continued oral administration for 14 days as 1 course of the treatment. The control group began to take 10 mg of dydrogesterone orally on the 15th day of menstruation, twice a day, and continued oral administration for 14 days as one course of the treatment. Both groups were treated with medication for three consecutive courses. The menstrual volume［Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart(PBAC) score was used for assessment］, endometrial thickness and hemoglobin level were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical efficacy, symptom relief time, symptom disappearance time and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results　The total clinical effective rate was 93.33% in the observation group and 91.45% in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in the total clinical effective rate between the two groups(P>0.05). After the treatments, the PBAC scores and endometrial thickness in both groups decreased significantly compared with those before the treatments(P<0.05), and the hemoglobin levels in both groups increased significantly compared with those before the treatments(P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05). The symptom relief time and symptom disappearance time in the observation group was faster than that in the control group, with statistically significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 8.89%(8/90), and that in the control group was 5.13%(6/117). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion　Allylestrenol and dydrogesterone have similar efficacy in treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding due to ovulatory dysfunction in childbearing age, and both have good safety in short-course clinical medications.]]> 2025/6/5 0:00:00 JIA Qiucheng, WEI Weiwei, CHEN Jiming, YU Yi, CHEN Wanying, LIU Chi, CAO Ying, XUE Wenpeng, XING Tingwei, LIU Junling, MIN Yifei 1true