引用本文:钟寒露,陆斯良,邱演梅,经连芳,韦喆,吴科谋,李燕.新生儿牛奶蛋白过敏的围产期高危因素分析[J].中国临床新医学,0,():-.
ZHONG Hanlu,LU Siliang,QIU Yanmei,JING Lianfang,WEI Zhe,WU Kemou.新生儿牛奶蛋白过敏的围产期高危因素分析[J].中国临床新医学,0,():-.
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新生儿牛奶蛋白过敏的围产期高危因素分析
钟寒露1, 陆斯良2, 邱演梅2, 经连芳2, 韦喆3, 吴科谋3, 李燕2
1.广西中医药大学;2.广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院;3.广西医科大学
摘要:
目的 探讨围产期因素与新生儿牛奶蛋白过敏(Cow"s Milk Protein Allergy, CMPA)的关联,识别独立高危因素,为临床早期防控提供依据。 方法 回顾性纳入 2023 年 1 月至 2025 年 4 月广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院新生儿科住院患儿,按胎龄1:2匹配CMPA组307例与对照组621例。收集胎龄、出生体重、分娩方式、喂养方式、家族过敏史等围产期资料。采用Logistic回归分析筛选独立危险因素。 结果 多因素Logistic回归结果显示,低出生体重(aOR=8.09) 与 配方奶喂养(aOR=6.17) 为CMPA最强危险因素(均P＜0.001)。混合喂养(aOR=3.67)、一级家属过敏史(aOR=2.79)、剖宫产(aOR=1.80)及围产期抗生素使用(aOR=1.58) 也为CMPA的独立危险因素(均P＜0.05)。 结论 新生儿CMPA受多重围产期因素影响。低出生体重、配方奶喂养、混合喂养、一级亲属过敏史、围产期抗生素使用是CMPA的独立危险因素。因此,临床需加强对高危新生儿的识别与管理,推广母乳喂养、谨慎使用抗生素并优化围产期决策,以降低CMPA的发生风险。
关键词:  新生儿  牛奶蛋白过敏  危险因素  围产期
DOI：
分类号:
基金项目:广西儿科疾病临床医学研究中心(编号:桂科AD22035121)。
Analysis of Perinatal Risk Factors for Neonatal Cow's Milk Protein Allergy
ZHONG Hanlu,LU Siliang,QIU Yanmei,JING Lianfang,WEI Zhe,WU Kemou
GuangXi University of Chinese Medicine
Abstract:
Objective： To examine the association between perinatal factors and neonatal cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) and identify independent risk factors., thereby providing a basis for early clinical prevention and management. Methods ：This retrospective study enrolled neonates admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2023 to April 2025. Cases were matched with controls by gestational age (1:2), resulting in 307 CMPA patients and 621 controls. Perinatal data were collected and analyzed using logistic regression. Results： Multivariate analysis identified low birth weight (aOR=8.09) and formula feeding (aOR=6.17) as the strongest risk factors for CMPA (both P<0.001). Mixed feeding (aOR=3.67), family history of allergy (aOR=2.79), cesarean delivery (aOR=1.80), and perinatal antibiotic exposure (aOR=1.58) were also independent risk factors (all P<0.05). Conclusion： CMPA is influenced by multiple perinatal factors. Risk-based management—including promoting breastfeeding, judicious antibiotic use, and optimized perinatal care—may help reduce the incidence of CMPA in high-risk neonates.
Key words:  Neonate  Cow's milk protein allergy  Risk factors  Perinatal period