| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 目的 了解钦南区狂犬病暴露人群的流行病学特征，为制定狂犬病控制策略提供科学依据。方法 对2006～2008年在狂犬病预防接种门诊接受诊治的被犬、猫等动物咬(抓)伤暴露人群进行调查分析。结果 三年共报告狂犬病暴露者13 146人，年平均暴露率113.82/万；男性占62.06%，女性占37.94%；20～49岁青壮年占65.32%；在各年龄组中，上肢和下肢被犬伤人数均位居前两位，0～岁组中头面部被犬伤率25.37%，明显高于其他组；单月7、8月份犬伤者多于其它月；职业以农民为主（77.85%）；暴露动物以犬为主（92.08%）；被犬主动袭击致伤者以Ⅲ度伤为主（86.07%）；暴露后处理伤口者占97.13%，其中规范者占82.87%，不规范者占17.13%，未处理者占2.87%；全程接种狂犬疫苗者占90.63%，在Ⅲ度犬伤者中用抗狂犬免疫球蛋白和血清仅占8.39%。结论 钦南区对狂犬病防治工作采取了有效措施，但危险因素仍然较高。只有在政府相关部门、犬主和市民的共同努力下，狂犬病疫情才会得到有效控制。 |
| 关键词: 狂犬病 暴露人群 预防控制 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2010.03.07 |
| 分类号:R 512.99 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of 13146 cases of rabies exposure population |
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LI Xia,SHEN Ping
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Xiangyang Community Health Service Center, Qinzhou Guangxi 535000,China
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rabies exposure population in Qinnan area and provide scientific basis for rabies control strategy.Methods From 2006 to 2008 the exposure population who were bitten or scratched by animals such as dogs and cats received rabies vaccination and outpatient treatment were investigated.Results In the three years 13146 rabies exposure cases were reported,the average annual exposure rate was 113.82/10000. Male accounted for 62.06%,female 37.94%. Persons aged 20 to 49 years accounted for 65.32%. In all age groups, the number of persons whose upper and lower extremities were bitten by dogs was in the first two places.The head-face injury rate by dogs in 0～group was 25.37%, obviously higher than other groups. The number of persons injured by dogs in July and August was more than other months.In profession farmers accounted for 77.85%.Dogs accounted for 92.08% in the exposure animals. Third degrees injury accounted for 86.07% in the wounded persons who were actively bitted by dogs.After exposure, the number of persons whose wound were treated accounted for 97.13%.Of them the standard treatment accounted for 82.87%, non-standard for 17.13%. No treatment for 2.87%. Whole course rabies vaccine inoculation accounted for 90.84%. In third degree injury by dogs,the number of persons were treated by anti-rabies immunoglobulin and seurum accounted for 9.00% only. Conclusion In Qinnan area, the effective measures for rabies prevention are taken, but there are still many risk factors. Only by the joint efforts of the relevant government departments, citizens and dog owners, the rabies outbreak can be effectively controlled. |
| Key words: Rabies Exposure population Prevention and control |
