| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 盆底肌肉锻炼（PFMT）是指以耻骨-尾骨肌肉群为主的盆骨肌肉群主动性的肌肉锻炼，能够提升尿道阻力，增强控尿能力。研究发现，分娩与妊娠会造成盆底神经与肌肉的损伤，而阴道分娩会影响阴部神经以及分支的功能。妊娠期PFMT能够增强孕妇盆底血液循环，提高盆底肌肉的张力，减轻妊娠期子宫对下肢静脉血管的压迫，减少骨盆内脂肪的积累，避免压力性尿失禁，产后性功能障碍等疾病的发生。该文就妊娠期与产后早期PFMT的研究进展进行了综述。 |
| 关键词: 盆底肌肉锻炼 盆骨肌肉群 妊娠期 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2014.06.33 |
| 分类号:R 714 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Advances of pelvic floor muscle training in gestation period and early postpartum period |
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XIE Di, TAN Yi
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology，the Maternal and Children Health Hospital of Liucheng County, Guangxi 545200, China
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ Pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT) refers to the initiative exercise of pelvic floor muscles which mainly consist of pubococcygeal muscles. PEMT can improve urethral resistance, enhance the ability to control the urine. The studies found that childbirth and gestation can cause the damage of pelvic nerve and muscle, and vaginal delivery may affect the function of the pudendal nerve and its branches. PFMT during gestation period can enhance maternal pelvic blood circulation, improve pelvic floor muscle tension, reduce the compression of gestation uterine on veins of lower extremity，reduce the accumulation of fat in the pelvis, avoid the occurrence of stress urinary incontinence，postpartum sexual dysfunction and other diseases. This paper mainly reviews the research progress of PFMT in gestation period and early postpartum period. |
| Key words: Pelvic floor muscle training Pelvic muscles Gestation period |
