| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 目的 分析2016—2024年湖南省新报告青年HIV/AIDS患者特征，为提高青年艾滋病防治工作质量提供参考依据。方法 通过艾滋病防治基本信息系统收集2016—2024年湖南省新报告青年HIV/AIDS患者信息并分析，探索影响HIV/AIDS晚发现和CD4+ T淋巴细胞检测及时性的因素。结果 2016—2024年湖南省新报告青年HIV/AIDS患者6 392例，其中男性5 996例（93.80%），同性性传播4 282例（66.99%），异性性传播1 959例（30.65%），学生1 849例（28.93%）。学生患者的年龄主要集中在18～21岁，其男性、未婚、同性性传播、非婚非商业性行为以及检测咨询来源占比高于非学生（P<0.05）。1 108例（17.33%）患者为晚发现HIV/AIDS，4 429例（69.29%）患者及时完成首次CD4+ T淋巴细胞检测。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，22～24岁［OR（95%CI）=1.355（1.032～1.778）］较15～17岁者更可能为晚发现HIV/AIDS，学生［OR（95%CI）=0.774（0.654～0.917）］、同性性传播［OR（95%CI）=0.831（0.719～0.961）］、检测咨询［OR（95%CI）=0.492（0.426～0.567）］和其他样本来源［OR（95%CI）=0.606（0.462～0.796）］者晚发现HIV/AIDS的概率更低（P<0.05）。学生［OR（95%CI）=1.344（1.187～1.523）］、同性性传播［OR（95%CI）=1.229（1.081～1.397）］、检测咨询来源［OR（95%CI）=1.218（1.083～1.369）］者首次CD4+ T淋巴细胞检测更及时（P<0.05），其他感染途径［OR（95%CI）=0.505（0.361～0.708）］者CD4+ T淋巴细胞检测及时性更低（P<0.05）。结论 湖南省每年报告青年HIV/AIDS患者，其中存在较低年龄时感染，应充分利用学校、家庭、社区多方力量尽早做好防艾宣教干预，推广自愿咨询检测和主动检测，促进早检测、早发现。对患者做好随访管理关怀，推动治疗工作开展，减少二次传播。 |
| 关键词: 人类免疫缺陷病毒 艾滋病 青年 晚发现 CD4+ T淋巴细胞检测 湖南省 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2025.04.02 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:湖南省自然科学基金项目（编号：2023JJ60014）；湖南省疾病预防控制中心青荷培育基金项目（编号：QHJJ2023013） |
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| Analysis on characteristics of newly reported young HIV/AIDS patients in Hunan Province from 2016 to 2024 |
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CHEN Jie, ZHOU Yanjun, QIN Biyun, ZHANG Jinghang, LIU Wei, ZHENG Jun, ZOU Xiaobai
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Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410153, China
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ Objective To analyze the characteristics of newly reported young human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients in Hunan Province from 2016 to 2024, and to provide reference basis for improving the quality of prevention and treatment of young AIDS patients. Methods The information of newly reported young HIV/AIDS patients in Hunan Province from 2016 to 2024 was collected through the HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System and was analyzed to explore the factors influencing the late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS and the timeliness of CD4+ T lymphocyte testing. Results From 2016 to 2024, 6 392 young HIV/AIDS patients were newly reported in Hunan Province, among whom 5 996 patients(93.80%) were male, and 4 282 patients(66.99%) were infected through same-sex sexual transmission, and 1 959 patients(30.65%) were infected through heterosexual sexual transmission, and 1 849 patients(28.93%) were students. The student patients were mainly 18-21 years old, and the proportion of male patients, unmarried patients, patients infected through same-sex sexual transmission and patients infected through non-marital and non-commercial sexual behaviors and patients receiving testing and counseling in the students was higher than that in the non-students(P<0.05). Late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS was found in 1 108 cases(17.33%) and the first CD4+ T lymphocyte test was completed in a timely manner in 4 429 cases(69.29%). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the patients aged 22-24 years［OR(95%CI)=1.355(1.032-1.778)］ were more likely to be late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS than those aged 15-17 years, and student patients［OR(95%CI)=0.774(0.654-0.917)］, patients infected through same-sex sexual transmission［OR(95%CI)=0.831(0.719-0.961)］, patients receiving testing and counseling［OR(95%CI)=0.492(0.426-0.567)］ and patients from other sample sources［OR(95%CI)=0.606(0.462-0.796)］ had a lower probability of diagnosing HIV/AIDS late(P<0.05). Student patients［OR(95%CI)=1.344(1.187-1.523)］, patients infected through same-sex sexual transmission［OR(95%CI)=1.229(1.081-1.397)］ and patients receiving testing and counseling［OR(95%CI)=1.218(1.083-1.369)］ received their first CD4+ T lymphocyte test in a more timely manner(P<0.05), while patients infected through other routes［OR(95%CI)=0.505(0.361-0.708)］ received their first CD4+ T lymphocyte test in a less timely manner(P<0.05). Conclusion Every year, young patients with HIV/AIDS are reported in Hunan Province, among whom there are some patients infected at a younger age. We should make full use of the multiple forces of schools, families and communities to carry out AIDS prevention education, publicity and intervention as early as possible, promote voluntary testing and counseling as well as active testing, and facilitate early detection and early diagnosis. Appropriate follow-up and management care should be conducted to the patients to promote the progress of treatment and reduce secondary transmission. |
| Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) Youth Late diagnosis CD4+ T lymphocyte detection Hunan Province |
