| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 目的 分析2017—2023年广西南宁市围产儿出生缺陷发生特征及变化趋势，为科学防控出生缺陷、促进母婴健康提供参考资料。方法 收集2017年1月至2023年12月南宁市各助产机构上报的出生缺陷个案资料进行总结分析。结果 2017—2023年南宁市围产儿720 715例，出生缺陷儿21 888例，出生缺陷发生率为303.70/万，发生率总体呈逐年上升趋势（χ2=2 291.576，P<0.001）。男婴出生缺陷发生率显著高于女婴（331.01/万 vs 272.35/万； χ2=209.548，P<0.001）；城镇地区围产儿出生缺陷发生率显著高于农村地区（591.01/万 vs 176.05/万； χ2=8 976.240，P<0.001）；产妇年龄与围产儿出生缺陷发生具有显著关联（χ2=203.659，P<0.001）。2017—2023年，先天性心脏病、多指（趾）和外耳其他畸形均居围产儿出生缺陷发生率的前3位，且发生率呈上升趋势。2020—2022年重型地中海贫血在围产儿出生缺陷发生率前10位中。2017—2023年南宁市重大致死致残出生缺陷发生例数总体呈递减趋势，占所有围产儿出生缺陷的17.13%～39.24%。结论 2017—2023年南宁市围产儿出生缺陷发生率有上升趋势，这可能与生育人口年龄结构改变及筛查服务的开展有关。建议积极开展健康教育，完善全市出生缺陷防控管理工作体系，提高出生人口素质。 |
| 关键词: 南宁市 围产儿 出生缺陷 监测 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2025.08.16 |
| 分类号:R 715.2 |
| 基金项目:南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划项目（编号：20223053） |
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| Analysis on surveillance results of birth defects in perinatal infants in Nanning City, Guangxi from 2017 to 2023 |
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MAO Liangqin, PENG Yuanjun, TAO Xing, HUANG Yongquan, LIANG Mingzhen, XIE Bingyan, WEI Jinlu, WEI Mingxiao, JIANG Wu, HE Ningyu
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Department of Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Services, Nanning Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanning 530011, China
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics and changing trends of birth defects in perinatal infants in Nanning City, Guangxi from 2017 to 2023, with the aim of providing reference for scientifically preventing and controlling birth defects of perinatal infants and promoting the health of mothers and infants. Methods The case data of birth defects reported by various midwifery institutions in Nanning City from January 2017 to December 2023 were collected for summary and analysis. Results From 2017 to 2023, there were 720 715 perinatal infants in Nanning City, among whom 21 888 perinatal infants were born with birth defects. The incidence of birth defects was 303.70/10 000, and the overall incidence showed an increasing trend year by year(χ2=2 291.576, P<0.001). The birth defect rate of male infants was significantly higher than that of female infants(331.01/10 000 vs 272.35/10 000; χ2=209.548, P<0.001). The birth defect rate in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas(591.01/10 000 vs 176.05/10 000; χ2=8 976.240, P<0.001). The age of the delivery women was significantly associated with the occurrence of birth defects of the perinatal infants(χ2=203.659, P<0.001). From 2017 to 2023, congenital heart diseases, polydactyly and other malformations of the outer ear ranked the top 3 birth defect rates of the perinatal infants, and their incidence rates were on the rise. From 2020 to 2022, the incidence of severe thalassemia ranked among the top 10 in the incidence of birth defects of the perinatal infants. From 2017 to 2023, in Nanning City, the number of cases of major fatal and disabling birth defects had generally shown a decreasing trend, accounting for 17.13% to 39.24% of the birth defects of all the perinatal infants. Conclusion The incidence of perinatal birth defects in Nanning City from 2017 to 2023 showed an upward trend, which may be related to the change in the age structure of the reproductive population and the implementation of screening services. It is suggested that health education be actively carried out, the management system for the prevention and control of birth defects in the whole city be improved, and the quality of the newborn population be enhanced. |
| Key words: Nanning City Perinatal infants Birth defects Surveillance |
