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脂肪干细胞移植在组织器官损伤修复中应用的研究进展
左彧儿1，2，梁安儒3，罗钦文2，黎海业2，黎洪棉1，2
1.广西中医药大学研究生院，南宁 530200；2.广西壮族自治区人民医院（广西医学科学院）整形美容外科，南宁 530021；3.南宁市第二人民医院烧伤整形外科，南宁 530031
摘要:
［摘要］　脂肪干细胞（ADSCs）是一种从脂肪组织中分离获得的多能间充质干细胞。近年来，ADSCs逐渐成为再生医学和免疫调节领域的研究热点。ADSCs不仅具有多向分化潜能，而且还通过多种机制显著抑制移植排斥反应并诱导免疫耐受，包括分泌多种免疫调节因子、通过外泌体介导的信号传递以及细胞间的直接接触等方式。ADSCs还可以通过调控T细胞、B细胞、树突状细胞和巨噬细胞的功能来重塑免疫微环境。借助基因编辑和预处理技术，ADSCs的免疫抑制效能还可以得到进一步增强。该文对ADSCs移植在组织器官损伤修复中应用的研究进展作一综述。
关键词:  脂肪干细胞  移植  免疫耐受  组织损伤修复  动物实验  临床应用
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2025.08.22
分类号:
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（编号：82460449）；广西自然科学基金项目（编号：2024GXNSFAA010169）；南宁市优秀青年科技创新创业人才培育项目（编号：20220108）；广西卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题（编号：Z-A20220149）
Research progress in application of adipose-derived stem cells transplantation in repairing tissue and organ injuries
ZUO Yu′er1,2, LIANG Anru3, LUO Qinwen2, LI Haiye2, LI Hongmian1,2
1.Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; 2.Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, the People′s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences), Nanning 530021, China; 3.Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Second Nanning People′s Hospital, Nanning 530031, China
Abstract:
［Abstract］　Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) are a type of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells isolated from adipose tissues. In recent years, ADSCs have gradually become a research hotspot in the fields of regenerative medicine and immunomodulation. ADSCs not only have the potential for multi-directional differentiation, but also significantly inhibit transplant rejection and induce immune tolerance through various mechanisms, including secretion of multiple immune regulatory factors, signal transmission mediated by exosomes and direct contact between cells. In addition, ADSCs can also reshape the immune microenvironment by regulating the functions of T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. With the aid of gene editing and preprocessing techniques, the immunosuppressive efficacy of ADSCs can be further enhanced. In this paper, the research progress in application of ADSCs transplantation in repairing tissue and organ injuries is reviewed.
Key words:  Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)  Transplantation  Immune tolerance  Tissue injury and repair  Animal experimentation  Clinical application