| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］ 目的 分析新生儿血培养病原菌分布及耐药特征，为治疗新生儿败血症、合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法 回顾性统计分析2014-01～2014-12新生儿血培养的临床资料。结果 新生儿血培养阳性率为6.2%（280/4512）。280份标本共检出295株病原菌，其中以革兰阳性球菌为主，共212株，占71.9%（212/295），其中凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)占59.0%(174/295)；革兰阴性杆菌69株，占23.4%(69/295)；其他病原菌14株，占4.7%（14/295）。CNS对青霉素、四环素、庆大霉素、苯唑西林耐药率为60.0%～100.0%，对万古霉素、替考拉宁、呋西地酸、呋喃妥因、米诺环素耐药率低，为0.0%～15.8%。肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠埃希菌对阿莫西林、头孢噻吩、头孢呋辛耐药率高，为79.5%～97.4%。结论 新生儿血培养病原菌以CNS为主，CNS及革兰阴性杆菌对常用抗菌药物耐药率高，应加强耐药监测，合理使用抗菌药物。 |
| 关键词: 新生儿 血培养 败血症 耐药性 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2015.05.16 |
| 分类号:R 466.5 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Analysis of pathogen distributions and antibiotic resistances in neonatal blood cultures |
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HUANG Chao-qun, CHEN Xiang, LI Wen-jun, et al.
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Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Maternal Child Health Hospital of Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, China
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］ Objective To investigate pathogen distribution and antibiotic resistance characteristics in neonatal blood cultures and provide a scientific basis for the treatment of neonatal septicemia and the rational use of antibiotics.Methods The clinical data of neonatal blood cultures were statistically analyzed retrospectively from January 2014 to December 2014.Results The positive rate of blood cultures was 6.2%(280/4512). Gram-positive coccus were the predominant,accounting for 71.9%(212/295), among which coagulase negative staphylococcus(CNS) were 59.0%(174/295); Gram-negative bacteria, accounted for 23.4%(69/295), other pathogens 14 strains, accounted for 4.7%(14/295). The resistant rates of CNS to penicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin and oxacillin were between 60.0% and 100.0%. The resistant rates of CNS to vancomycin, teicoplanin, fusidicacid, nitrofurantoin, and minocycline were low, ranging from 0.0% to 15.8%. The resistant rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli to cephalothin, cefuroxime and amoxicillin were between 79.5% and 97.4%.Conclusion CNS are the predominant pathogens in the neonatal blood cultures and the resistance rates of CNS and some Gram-negative bacilli to some frequently-used antibacterials are high. It is necessary to take measures to monitor the drug resistance of strains and use antibacterials reasonably. |
| Key words: Neonate Blood culture Septicemia Antibiotic resistance |
